![]() The Redbook directs writers to omit the comma if a full date is used as an adjective, as here, though other authorities on style disagree. Normally, when a full date appears mid-sentence, a comma belongs after the year. A corrected version of the writing sample appears at the end of the article.ġ. I primarily rely on The Redbook: A Manual on Legal Style 2 as the authority on legal writing. Now I’ll identify each error, explain why it’s a problem, and offer a solution. This should go no farther – the court should reject any future nonconforming filings. Yet, the court heretofore has shown leniency towards Jones, and has accepted all of his submittals. Jones has now filed over a dozen poorly-conceived motions which inaccurately cite legal authority, fail to flush out arguments and ignore relevant rules. It is clear that Jones’s interpretation is at odds with well established legal standards. According to Jones’ pleading, the judiciary must accept his substandard filings without further inquiry and they must disregard his flouting of filing rules. He seeks to persuade the court that pro se litigants need not comply with generally applicable standards. In his Janumotion, Jones cites to literally countless Federal cases. Test Your Editing IQīy my count, the following paragraph contains 25 errors and patent writing no-no’s (though reasonable minds could differ). In the process, you’ll learn a little about some common errors I find when editing documents for other lawyers. Unfortunately, legal writing gaffes can undermine lawyers’ credibility and detract from their arguments.Ĭan you consistently catch mistakes in legal documents? In this article, you can try your hand at correcting an intentionally flawed writing sample. It may be that they don’t have a formal editing process, 1 or that they don’t know certain rules. The adjective 'correct' is usually absolute, but there are situations where it can be thought of as gradable.Even lawyers who are good writers make writing mistakes. Making a comparative out of an absolute usually sounds bad and is a sign of not thinking things through. That might work in some situations, but the situation you'd really have to explain yourself to make sure you're not committing a solecism. "This answer is correct, but this other answer is better - it is more correct.". But one can always make a thoughtful philosophical point in a particular situation. We are all familiar with the idea that true/false or multiple choice questions on tests are either correct or not there's only one right answer. So many adjectives that seem logically absolute, allow a little grading in comparison. But within a set of pregnant women, some may be further along than others and one can very legitimately say that one is more pregnant than another. As the saying goes, you can't be a little pregnant, you either are or are not. You can say 'the final countdown' but not 'the most final countdown'. It cannot be 'more unique' - it is already unique, and that's as far as it goes.Ībsolute adjectives do not allow being made into comparative or superlative. If there is only one of a particular kind, it is unique. The semantics of the adjective allow comparative and superlative syntactic constructions easily.Īnother example of an absolute adjective is 'unique'. ![]() This one is red while this one is redder. The color 'red' is a gradable adjective because the redness of an object can be placed on a scale. An absolute adjective either has the quality or does not, with no in between. ![]() A gradable adjective has degrees of that quality. 'More correct' is semantically questionable and you probably want to word it differently.Īdjectives can be described as 'gradable' or 'absolute'. It is also possible that a rector or vicar is also a canon or a dean (or even a retired bishop) and in those cases "Rector" or "Vicar" would not be the truly correct form of address, however the relevant one would still be more correct than "Reverend".įortunately people worry about such things less now than they used to do but the distinction between correct and more correct forms of address still exists. In general it is more correct to use "Vicar" but, sometimes, a parish priest is a "rector" rather than a "vicar" and calling a rector "Vicar" is not really correct (although you can't tell the difference if you haven't been told). For instance it is quite common to call a Church of England parish priest "Reverend" when speaking to them but Debrett's would not recognise this as the correct form of address (it is correct in the US but not in the UK). "More correct" is certainly used when talking of forms of address.
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![]() exe file might have been produced for PC playback of the same file.Īs a former Macromedia and Adobe employee who used all these authoring programs it is no surprise that Adobe is “late to the game” in updating Shockwave to the current Flash library as it will require a bit of testing that inevitably will not catch every possible “glitch” of using the 2 technologies together but the security issues should be easier to address. dcr (Director Compressed Resource) is what is published from Adobe Director for web playback, alternatively a. Overall the comments above are accurate if you don’t need it get rid of it. This entry was posted on Wednesday 21st of May 2014 09:05 AM Mozilla Firefox users should note that the presence of the “Shockwave Flash” plugin listed in the Firefox Add-ons section denotes an installation of Adobe Flash Player plugin - not Adobe Shockwave Player. To remove Shockwave, grab Adobe’s uninstall tool here. If it prompts you to download Shockwave (or in the case of Google Chrome for some reason just automatically downloads the installer), then you don’t have Shockwave installed. Not sure whether your computer has Shockwave installed? If you visit this link and see a short animation, it should tell you which version of Shockwave you have installed. “We are reviewing our security update process in order to mitigate risks in Shockwave Player,” Edell said.įor those who need Shockwave Player installed for some reason, Microsoft’s Enhanced Mitigation Experience Toolkit (EMET 4.1 or higher)) can help prevent the exploitation of this weakness. Because of this, it may be easier to exploit a vulnerability when Flash is hosted by Shockwave, for example.”Īdobe spokeswoman Heather Edell confirmed that CERT’s information is correct, and that the next release of Shockwave Player will include the updated version of Flash Player. In the case of Shockwave, there are some mitigations missing in a number of modules, such as SafeSEH. ![]() “One of the things that helps make a vulnerability more difficult is how many of the exploit mitigations a vendor opts in to. “So not only are the vulnerabilities there, but they’re easier to exploit as well,” Dormann said. That’s because Shockwave has several modules that don’t opt in to trivial exploit mitigation techniques built into Microsoft Windows, such as SafeSEH. “So architecturally, it’s just flawed to provide its own Flash.”ĭormann said he initially alerted the public to this gaping security hole in 2012 via this advisory, but that he first told Adobe about this lackluster update process back in 2010.Īs if that weren’t bad enough, Dormann said it may actually be easier for attackers to exploit Flash vulnerabilities via Shockwave than it is to exploit them directly against the standalone Flash plugin itself. ![]() “Flash updates can come frequently, but Shockwave not so much,” Dormann said. Worse yet, Dormann said, the current version of Shockwave for both Windows and Mac systems lacks any of the Flash security fixes released since January 2013. By my count, Adobe has issued nearly 20 separate security updates for Flash since then, including fixes for several dangerous zero-day vulnerabilities. In a recent post on the release of the latest bundle of security updates for Adobe’s Flash player, Dormann commented that Shockwave actually provides its own version of the Flash runtime, and that the latest Shockwave version released by Adobe has none of the recent Flash fixes. My re-education on this topic comes courtesy of Will Dormann, a computer security expert who writes threat advisories for Carnegie Mellon University’s CERT. But I was positively shocked this week to learn that this software introduces a far more pernicious problem: Turns out, it bundles a component of Adobe Flash that is more than 15 months behind on security updates, and which can be used to backdoor virtually any computer running it. This author has long advised computer users who have Adobe‘s Shockwave Player installed to junk the product, mainly on the basis that few sites actually require the browser plugin, and because it’s yet another plugin that requires constant updating. ![]() It is important not to move during the x-ray. A protective shield or apron may be used to protect parts of your body that are not being x-rayed. During the procedure you’ll be asked to lie, sit or stand, depending on the part of the body being x-rayed. The images are reviewed by a a specialist medical doctor called a radiologist.īefore the x-ray you may be asked to remove any metal objects or jewellery from your body. X-rays are done by a radiographer or medical imaging technologist. It can be done in a hospital or private radiology practice. How is an x-ray done?Ī plain x-ray is painless and usually takes less than 15 minutes. You may be aware of a cold feeling in your arm during the injection. Gadolinium contrast medium is generally very safe and reactions are uncommon. You may even feel like you have wet yourself, but you won’t have. It’s normal to feel a warm feeling that spreads through the body for around 20 seconds after an injection of iodine-containing contrast medium. Anyone can have an allergic reaction, even if previously they have not had problems. Reactions can be mild, moderate or severe. Some people have an allergic reaction to iodine-containing contrast dye. If you have kidney problems and need an x-ray with contrast medium, talk to your doctor first. Patients with kidney problems face greater risks when having contrast medium than other people. It may be given to you orally (by mouth) or by injection.Ĭommonly used contrast dyes are iodine-containing contrast medium and gadolinium contrast medium. It helps to improve the contrast in x-ray images, making it easier to distinguish between normal and diseased or damaged areas. What is contrast dye?Ĭontrast dye (also known as contrast medium) is a substance that is sometimes used during plain x-ray, CT scanning, angiography or other tests. Also, tell the doctor if you have difficulty taking a deep breath and holding it. Some types of x-ray use injected or swallowed contrast dye (contrast media) to improve the images so it is important that you tell the doctor if you have any kidney disease or if you have previously had any allergic reaction to contrast media. You should tell the doctor if you are or may be pregnant. What should I tell my doctor before the x-ray? ![]() follow any instructions given to you by your doctor or radiographer.be prepared to remove your jewellery and change into a hospital gown if needed.tell the radiographer if you have kidney problems or have allergies to contrast material.tell the radiographer if you might be pregnant.bring along any x-rays you’ve had before of similar areas.bring the referral that your doctor gave you.to check the position of wires, leads and tubes after surgical procedures.detection of foreign objects, such as when a child accidentally swallows an item.blood vessel problems, such as an aortic aneurysm - a bulge in the aorta.lung conditions - such as pneumonia, collapsed lung and lung cancer.bone conditions - such as fractures, dislocations, bone infections or arthritis, and also osteoporosis and bone density.X-rays can be used to diagnose disease and injury, including: angiography - an x-ray of the blood vessels.fluoroscopy - which produces moving images of an organ. ![]() computed tomography, known as CT scanning.X-ray imaging is also known as radiography. ![]() As x-ray beams pass through your body they are absorbed differently by various structures in the body, such as bones and soft tissues, and this is used to create an image. Related information on Australian websitesĪn x-ray is a type of radiation used to create a picture of the inside of the body.What should I tell my doctor before the x-ray?.Vertebral compression fractures in the elderly. Eponyms in imaging of the upper limb: A historical review. Acute knee effusions: a systematic approach to diagnosis. Dense bone-too much bone: radiological considerations and differential diagnosis. Musculoskeletal eponyms: who are those guys? Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc. Radiographic Assessment of Osteoarthritis. Fractures of the ankle joint: investigation and treatment options. Goost H, Wimmer MD, Barg A, Kabir K, Valderrabano V, Burger C. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Hip Dislocation: Evaluation and Management. ![]() This is a screen you will be seeing a lot of as you plan things out for your clan. Choosing which officers will serve as your daimyo’s (warlord’s) strategists and magistrates, which territories you will place all your officers, which officers become close allies, whether you will invade other territories or let a few seasons pass by so you can better prepare for an attack from other clans, all these decisions will be left up to you and can make or break your clan’s success. You’ll spend just as much time preparing for battles, upgrading your defenses, and managing your resources in the “Politics” phase as you will actually taking part in battles. After choosing a clan to control, you then go about gaining more territories and protecting those already under your rule, usually by invading other clan’s territories or defending yourself from other clans when they attack your territories. In each scenario, all the different clans under the rule of famous warlords like Nobunaga Oda, Ieyasu Tokugawa, Shingen Takeda, etc. Similarly to the much older Samurai Warriors 2: Empires for the PS2, this game does not feature a traditional story mode and has no established narrative (there are cutscenes, but they all play out depending on how a battle ends or when officers become friends, so they tend to repeat themselves). Instead, the main Conquest Mode offers us different scenarios to choose from that cover a number of historical battles during Japan’s feudal era, like the Battle of Okehazama in 1560 or the Incident at Honnoji in 1582. One thing that should be noted right off the bat is that Samurai Warriors 4: Empires is an expanded re-release of the previous Samurai Warriors 4-II released in North America and Europe late last year, which was itself a revised version of the original Samurai Warriors 4 released in the same regions in late 2014. Now, thanks to Tecmo Koei providing us with an early review code for Samurai Warriors 4: Empires, I decided this was the time to try my hand at one of these games. Still, I’ve always been somewhat intrigued by these games, despite their apparent lack of variety and button-mashing combat, plus I’ve always had a fondness for samurai. Naturally, had I done such a thing with even one of these Warriors series I would have found myself in even more dire need of cash, not to mention space for my other games. I’m what you would call an “obsessive” gamer, in the sense that once I decide to get involved with a particular series, I stick with it and get every (story-based) game connected to it. Given how many of these games there are, I never felt the need nor the desire to follow them. I’m a newcomer to Tecmo Koei’s series of Warriors games, having never tried out Dynasty Warriors, Samurai Warriors, Warriors Orochi, nor other related series featuring powerful warriors slicing and dicing their way through literal armies of enemies (not counting a five minute play session at a Toys R’ Us of one of the Dynasty Warriors games based off the Gundam series). |
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